Cloudy: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

Aus Atari Wiki-NEU
Zur Navigation springenZur Suche springen
Zeile 150: Zeile 150:
Nearby there should be a 14pole 74LS11. If not, refer to the description below for how to generate the ROM2 signal.  
Nearby there should be a 14pole 74LS11. If not, refer to the description below for how to generate the ROM2 signal.  


[[Bild:Cloudy_fertig.JPG|400px]]
For the Lighnting ST you should ensure a good power supply. To do this, take +5V and Ground off the mainboard at a suitable place and lead it with 2 long jumper cables (here red and black) to the corresponding connection of the Lighnting.
If you want to use the IDE part of the Lighnting ST, solder a jumper cable for the INT signal (grey here) to pin 10 of the internal DMA connector (always the right outer pin). The other end comes later to the INT connector of the Lightning ST. Some hard disk drivers require the INT signal for evaluation.
[[Bild:Cloudy_altesTOS.JPG|400px]]
Now lever the original ROM IC out of the socket. You should write them with HI and LO if you want to use them again later. However, this won't be necessary with the Cloudy, because you can also flash this TOS with an image on the Cloudy if you like. So you are always compatible, for example with games. The preparation of the Cloudy and the mainboard is now finished. Yeah!





Version vom 15. Dezember 2019, 17:30 Uhr

Overview

The CLOUDY is an extremely compact TOS adapter to be used together with the Lightning ST (at least with firmware version mx02_rp). It allows you to switch between two TOS ROMs: one ROM comes with EmuTOS 0.9.12 preinstalled, the other one can be flashed via software by you, for example with TOS 2.06. See below for an important note about supported TOS versions.

Care has been taken to make the installation as easy as possible: The Cloudy can be soldered directly on top of the CPU. It has the same dimensions like the DIL socket that is otherwise required to install the Lightning ST. In that way, Cloudy and Lightning ST will fit even into the little space available on some STfs. If you prefer, the Cloudy will also work on top of the Lightning ST, though.

Only two jumper wires need to be connected to the Lightning ST for the Cloudy to work – plus two extra wires to a switch in case you want to switch between the two possible TOS/EmuTOS versions.

Cloudy oben.JPG Cloudy unten.JPG


To summarize:

  • Works in every ST (together with the Lightning ST)
  • Extremely compact
  • Comes with EmuTOS preinstalled
  • A second operating system can be flashed
  • Flash software is provided

Supported TOS versions:

  • TOS 2.06, EmuTOS 256k ROMs: always!
  • TOS 1.00 – 1.04, KAOS 192k ROMs: only if your STs mainboard supports 1 Mbit ROMs. This is the case if your mainboard is currently fitted with only two TOS ROMs. Also, many mainboards with six ROMs can also be re-configured for 1 Mbit ROMs. Inquire with us if you plan to use TOS 1.0x in the Cloudy and are unsure about the capabilities of your board.

Installation of Cloudy

Variant 1 - Installing Cloudy into a CPU socket:

  • In case the mainboard of your ST has a socket for the CPU, the Cloudy can be placed into that socket.
  • Be sure that the “<” marking on the Cloudy and the corresponding marking on the mainboard and/or socket are on the same side.
  • Then carefully push the Cloudy into the socket.
  • Continue with the section “wiring” below.
  • Variant 1 is suitable for all 520ST and MegaST, as there is enough space up inside the case. Variant 1 is not suitable for the 1040ST because of the limited space available.

Variant 2 - Soldering the Cloudy on top of the CPU:

  • Variant 2 is suitable for 1040ST, because the Cloudy directly on the CPU is also the socket for the Lighnting ST. This even fits under the keyboard into the original case.
  • As shown in the photo in the following section, shorten 32 pins on one side of the Cloudy using a small wire cutter. This allows you to place the Cloudy directly on top of the 68000 CPU.
  • Be sure that the notch on the CPU and the “<” marking on the Cloudy are on the same side and that all pins are aligned.
  • Temporarily install the provided DIL64 socket on top of the Cloudy. This will ensure that the pins of the Cloudy will remain fixed during soldering.
  • Solder all 64 pins of the Cloudy to the respective pins on the CPU.
  • Afterwards check that there is no solder bridge between adjacent pins.
  • You can now remove the DIL64 socket again.

Wiring:

  • Use two jumper cables to connect Cloudy and Lightning ST:
    • Cloudy P1 => Lightning ST P11
    • Cloudy P2 => Lightning ST P12.
  • If you want to be able to easily switch between the TOS ROMs on the Cloudy board, wire a switch (SPST) between Cloudy P3 and P4. Otherwise you can use the provided jumper.

Lightning ST:

  • Push the Lightning ST into the sockets of the Cloudy, again making sure that everything is correctly aligned.
  • Continue with the Lightning ST installation as described in its separate README or here[[1]].
  • In particular the ROM2 connection from the mainboard to the Lightning ST is required for the Cloudy to function!

Installation picture

Important note: Perform all work without electricity!

Disconnect all extern wires an open your ST. Loosen all screws on the underside.

Remember that this will void your warranty!


1040ST

ST offen1.JPG

Remove the top shell.


ST offen2.JPG

Then remove the keyboard.


ST offen3.JPG

Carefully remove the power supply and the shielding plates. Its helpfull to remove the floppy drive and the lower shell.


ST detail.JPG

This is the interesting area of a 1040ST: the CPU sits at the front under the keyboard. On the right are the original ROM ICs.


Klammer.JPG

Now is the right time to remove any remaining metal clamps from the PLCC socket U56 (MMU). Later the Lightning ST will protrude over it. Any short circuits will be avoided. The clamp is no longer required.


Variante1.JPG

Variant 1: Solder a socket directly to the CPU. Make sure that the solder joints are in order and do not form a short circuit. Pay attention to the notch for the correct alignment (here right). On the example pictures the pins 1-4 of the Cloudy must point to the left in the direction of the ROM sockets.

The picture shows already with the green jumper cable the tap of the ROM2 signal for the Lightning ST.


400px 400px

Variant 2: the Cloudy serves as a socket für the Lightning ST. For this it has to be placed directly on the CPU.

Thermal problems of the CPU are not to be feared.

To bring the Cloudy as close as possible to the CPU, remove the thinner ends from one of the two 32 pin rows and carefully remove any burrs if possible.


Cloudy lose.JPG Cloudy lose1.JPG

Here you see what I mean: the shortened pins of the Cloudy stand on top of the pins of the CPU. This is how it should look before soldering.

Take a look at the picture on the right, because it clearly shows how close the Lightning is to the CPU.

Please pay attention to the correct alignment before it is too late!

Note: it's better to put a 68000 socket on top of the Cloudy. In this way the pins of the Cloudy do not slip.


Cloudy lose3.JPG Cloudy lose4.JPG

Left Pic shows you a view from the front side an the right Pic from the back side. At the right Pic you can see also, the pins in the back pin row are not shortened. But you can also shorten this pin row before soldering if you like.


Cloudy lose5.JPG

Total view. If you've come this far, you've done most of it. By the way, the Atari should work in this state exactly as before (with the old TOS). You can test it here if you want.

Now it's time for the wiring.


Cloudy Kabel.JPG

On the left you see the 4 pins of the Cloudy with the inscription 1-4 upside down.

  • Take two different coloured jumper cables and plug them to pin 1 and pin 2. Later you see the cable from pin 1 to pin 11 of the Lightning ST and the cable from pin 2 to pin 12.
  • You also see a red jumper on pins 1 and 2 of the Cloudy. The jumper has a loose loop to pull it off later. Remember: when this red jumper is plugged in, the Cloudy runs with the emergency OS, an EmuTOS 0.9.12. Of course you can work with this OS, but you can't overwrite it. If you'd rather use the rewritable OS right away, then remove jumper 1-2 now.

The Cloudy is ready with it. The next step is to uninstall the old TOS from the mainboard and install the Lighnting ST.


Cloudy ROM2 1.JPG Cloudy ROM2.JPG

Locate this location to pick up the necessary ROM2 signal from the motherboard. The spot looks like a tin blob or two opposing crescents and is labeled CE.

On the example picture it is located above the MMU between ROM socket. Solder a 10cm long cable (here purple) to the right crescent. The other end of the cable has a socket, which comes later to R2 of the Lighting ST.

Nearby there should be a 14pole 74LS11. If not, refer to the description below for how to generate the ROM2 signal.


Cloudy fertig.JPG

For the Lighnting ST you should ensure a good power supply. To do this, take +5V and Ground off the mainboard at a suitable place and lead it with 2 long jumper cables (here red and black) to the corresponding connection of the Lighnting.

If you want to use the IDE part of the Lighnting ST, solder a jumper cable for the INT signal (grey here) to pin 10 of the internal DMA connector (always the right outer pin). The other end comes later to the INT connector of the Lightning ST. Some hard disk drivers require the INT signal for evaluation.


Cloudy altesTOS.JPG

Now lever the original ROM IC out of the socket. You should write them with HI and LO if you want to use them again later. However, this won't be necessary with the Cloudy, because you can also flash this TOS with an image on the Cloudy if you like. So you are always compatible, for example with games. The preparation of the Cloudy and the mainboard is now finished. Yeah!


520ST

Pics coming soon


MegaST

Pic coming soon

Flashing the Cloudy

Cloudy comes with the capacity to store two TOS versions.

Supported TOS versions are EmuTOS 256k, Atari TOS 1.00 – 1.04 (and derivatives thereof, e.g. KAOS) and Atari TOS 2.06.

Note about TOS 1.0x support:

For the Cloudy to be able to support TOS 1.00 – 1.04, your ST mainboard needs to be able to run from a set of two ROMs. If your ST currently uses six (not two) TOS ROMs, many mainboards can be reconfigured for two ROMs, making it possible to use TOS 1.0x in the Cloudy. Often, to configure the mainboard for two ROMs just three solder bridges on the mainboard have to be changed from the setting marked “256k” to the setting “1M”. However, the exact steps depend on the mainboard revision.

We intend to provide links to reconfiguration guides for common mainboard revisions in our Wiki. Until then, if you’re unsure, please feel free to ask us. Please provide the exact mainboard type (Cxxxxxx, Rev. X). Be aware that EmuTOS 256k and TOS 2.06 are always supported, regardless of mainboard type and configuration.

Cloudy slot 1;

Jumper set between P3/P4 or switch closed: EmuTOS.

EmuTOS is a free operating system that features functionality similar to TOS. EmuTOS is free Software, so it is better than TOS in several ways: It is improved, to support more features and more hardware than Atari TOS. For example, it already includes a hard disk driver that supports the IDE port of the Lightning ST. Furthermore, EmuTOS is actively developed and supported: https://emutos.sourceforge.io/. While EmuTOS in slot 1 also serves as a recovery OS (in case the OS in slot 2 is unable to boot), we encourage you not see it merely as a backup solution but as the fully featured OS which it is.

Cloudy slot 2;

Jumper removed between P3/P4 or switch open: User flashable (but also programmed with EmuTOS at delivery).

This slot can be flashed by you with any of the supported TOS versions (see above). The necessary software FLASHROM.TTP is provided.

To flash a new TOS image:

  • Boot into slot 2 (jumper removed/switch open).
  • When starting FLASHROM.TTP, the Desktop will ask you to enter the file name of the TOS image. On most TOS versions, you can also simply drag and drop the icon of the TOS image file onto the icon of FLASHROM.TTP.
  • FLASHROM.TTP will ask you once for confirmation by pressing “Y”.
  • Then it will flash the provided TOS image into slot 2. It is normal for the screen to flicker during flashing.
  • Afterwards your ST will reboot into the newly flashed TOS.
  • Have fun!

Recovery

In case your TOS in slot 2 does not work, e.g. after flashing a corrupted TOS image:

  • Boot into EmuTOS in slot 1 (jumper 3-4 set/switch closed).
  • Run FLASHROM.TTP as described above. It will automatically detect that it is running in recovery mode and will ask you to remove the jumper (or flip the switch) while the computer is on.
  • FLASHROM.TTP will then re-flash slot 2 and will afterwards boot into the newly flashed TOS in slot 2.

Slot 1 will never be overwritten and can therefore always be used for recovery when needed.

Note: The jumper on the Cloudy might be hard to reach since it is located underneath the Lightning ST. You might want to tie a small piece of yarn around the jumper to use it as a strap for pulling the jumper when FLASHROM.TTP tells you to do so.

You can get the FLASHROM.TTP from the download section of newtosworld[[2]].


Additional notes and hints

Matrix of combination of CLOUDY and LIGHTNING-ST Rev.B:


       Lightning-ST            |       CLOUDY     |      Mainboard     | Remarks and
R2 | ROMcs | FLASHoe | FLASHce | Pin1 | Pin2 | JP |      ROM      | W2  | W3  |   W4   | Mode of usage

   | Initial mode to flash first time FLASH on CLOUDY             |     |     |        |
-  |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | U  | TOS-FC 6x256k | 1-2 | 1-2 | Jumper | Initial mode to flash first time
-  |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | U  | TOS-FC 2x1M   | 2-3 | 2-3 | 74LS11 | ..dito
-  |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | U  | TOS-FC 6x1M   | 2-3 | 2-3 | Jumper | ..dito
-  |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | U  | TOS-E0        |  X  |  X  |   X    | Doesn't match, adress mismatch
   | Normal User Modes                            |               |     |     |        |
Li |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | 1  |    removed    |  X  |  X  |   -    | Lower part of Flash in use for TOS-E0
Li |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | 0  |    removed    |  X  |  X  |   -    | Upper part of Flash in use for TOS-E0
Li |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | 1  |    removed    |  X  |  X  | 74LS11 | Lower part of Flash in use at FC
Li |   -   |   CL1   |   CL2   | L11  | L12  | 0  |    removed    |  X  |  X  | 74LS11 | Upper part of Flash in use at FC
   |       |         |         |      |      |    |               |     |     |        |


Explanatation:

X   - Don't care
1  - Jumper is set
0  - Jumper is not set
U   - depent on user
-   - not use or remove
1-2 - Jumper is set to position 1-2
2-3 - Jumper is set to position 2-3
CL1 - Pin 1 on CLOUDY
CL2 - Pin 2 on CLOUDY
L11 - Pin 11 on Lightning-ST Rev.B
L12 - Pin 12 on Lightning-ST Rev.B
Li  - Pin marked on Lightning ST Rev.B with R2
TOS-FC - TOS on adress FC0000, e.g. TOS-1.00, TOS-1.04 or KAOS
TOS-E0 - TOS on adress E00000, e.g. TOS-2.06 or emuTOS

Remarks:

  • Initial the Flash means, it's not relevant, if the TOS inside of the flash will finally work at E00000 or FC0000.
  • Flashing will done at E00000. Adressdecoding from Lightning-ST also would done at E00000. Additional adress decoding at FC0000 will done from mainboard. In this case you should fix together the three adress parts (ROM2, ROM1 and ROM0) from the GLUE. This will happen with the 74LS11 inside of the Mega-ST or some models of 1040ST.
  • A TOS inside of the Flash only works fine, if you have the possibility to put a 74LS11 inside of the mainboard to decode the TOS at FC00000. Reason see above. Inside of the Mega-ST 1,2 or 4 or some types of 1040ST this is possible.
  • Initial mode of CLOUDY only with TOS-FC possible. Otherwise the TOS-E0 on Mainboard also respond on adresses from flash which is adress at E00000.
  • If you use a PAK030 inside of your ST, you can also flash and/or use the Flash at CLOUDY! Please set Jumper 7 on PAK at position 2-3 to disable the TOS on PAK.
  • The two sides of Flash could be used as (one side) normal Flash, and (other side) fallback Flash. This is helpful if the TOS has malfunction.
  • Also it's possible to switch between both sides of Flash e.g. for evaluation of selfmade software. So you can switch quick between two different TOS Versions for testing the software. In this mode it's useful to put a switch instead of the jumper. The switch could be put at the case of the computer.